This Code describes the type of
information that is needed on labels for various hazardous chemicals so that
users of these chemicals in workplaces can identify any hazards associated with
the correct classification of the chemical and take appropriate steps to
eliminate or minimise the risks.
1.1 When
is a label under the WHS Regulations not required?
In
general, a label is required for any substance, mixture or article classified
as a hazardous chemical under the WHS Regulations. However, there are several
types of hazardous chemical that are excluded from the labelling provisions
under Regulation 335 or exempted from coverage from all provisions in Part 7.1
of the WHS Regulations.
Dual use products
Some hazardous chemicals may be intended for supply to both
the consumer household markets and workplaces in identical containers and
packaging. These products are sometimes referred to as dual use products. A
dual use product label need only comply with the Standard for the Uniform
Scheduling of Medicines and Poisons (SUSMP) labelling
requirements. If the manufacturer or importer determines that the use handling
and storage of the product are predominantly related to a work activity, the
label must meet WHS requirements.
Food and beverages
Food and beverage products that are packaged in a form
intended for consumption do not require labelling under the WHS Regulations.
However, large or bulk quantities must be labelled to meet workplace
requirements. For example, a 1000 L container of flammable alcoholic spirits
must be labelled to meet WHS requirements, while a 750 mL bottle of the same
spirits does not.
Therapeutic goods
Therapeutic goods are regarded as correctly labelled under
the WHS Regulations when labelled in accordance with Therapeutic Goods Administration
(TGA) requirements and in a form:
·
intended for intake or administration
to or by a patient or consumer, or
·
intended for use for therapeutic
purposes.
When not in a form intended for intake or administration to or
by a patient or consumer, or for therapeutic purposes, workplace labelling must
be used.
For example, a pharmacist
repacks a 1 kg container of formulated tablets in smaller containers for
dispensing to patients. The 1 kg container must comply with TGA labelling
requirements. However, a 1 kg container of the same material in powdered form
used by a pharmacist in manufacturing or formulating products must be labelled
according to workplace labelling requirements.
1.2 The
meaning of key terms and abbreviations
ADG Code means the Australian Code for the Transport of
Dangerous Goods by Road and Rail, 7th edition, approved by
the Australian Transport Council. The ADG Code is
accessible at the National Transport Commission website www.ntc.gov.au.
Container means anything in or by which a hazardous chemical
is, or has been, wholly or partly covered, enclosed or packed, including
anything necessary for the container to perform its function as a container.
Hazardous
chemical means any
substance, mixture or article that satisfies the criteria for a hazard class in
the Globally Harmonised System of
Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS) including a classification referred
to in Schedule 6 of the WHS Regulations, but does not include a substance, mixture or article that satisfies the criteria
solely for one of the following hazard classes:
·
acute
toxicity - oral - Category 5
·
acute
toxicity - dermal - Category 5
·
acute
toxicity - inhalation - Category 5
·
skin
corrosion/irritation - Category 3
·
serious
eye damage/eye irritation - Category 2B
·
aspiration
hazard - Category 2
·
flammable
gas - Category 2
·
acute
hazard to the aquatic environment – Category 1, 2 or 3
·
chronic
hazard to the aquatic environment - Category 1, 2, 3 or 4, or
·
hazardous
to the ozone layer.
Label means the written,
printed or graphical information elements concerning a hazardous chemical that
is affixed to, printed on or attached to the container of a hazardous chemical.
Further
definitions and abbreviations used in this Code are listed in Appendix A.
1.3 What are the duties in relation to
labelling hazardous chemicals?
The WHS
Regulations apply specific duties to various persons in relation to the correct
labelling of workplace hazardous chemicals. These duties are summarised
below.
|
Responsibilities
|
|
|
Manufacturers
and importers
|
·
Ensure
that the chemical is correctly labelled.
|
|
Suppliers
|
·
Must
not supply a hazardous chemical to a workplace if the supplier knows, or
ought reasonably to know, that the chemical is not correctly labelled.
|
|
Person who is conducting a business or
undertaking
|
·
Ensure
that any hazardous chemical that is used, handled or stored at the workplace
is correctly labelled in
accordance with Schedule 9 of the WHS Regulations, except where:
o
the
hazardous chemical is a consumer product, retaining its original label and
only used in workplaces in household quantities and in a way that is
incidental to the nature of the work, or
o
a
hazardous chemical is in transit.
·
Ensure
that a hazardous chemical is correctly labelled if the chemical is
manufactured at the workplace; or transferred or decanted from the chemical’s
original container at the workplace.
·
Ensure,
so far as reasonably practicable, that containers are correctly labelled
while holding a hazardous chemical.
·
Ensure
that containers that are labelled for holding a hazardous chemical are used
only for the use, handling or storage of the hazardous chemical.
Note:
The three duties directly above do not apply if the hazardous chemical is
used immediately after being put into the container and the container is
thoroughly cleaned after the chemical has been used, handled or stored so it
is in a condition it would be in if the container had never contained the
chemical.
·
Ensure,
so far as is reasonably practicable, that a hazardous chemical in pipe work
is identified by a label, sign or another way on or near the pipe work.
|
Note: a person who
packages or re-labels a hazardous chemical with their own product name is
considered to be a manufacturer and therefore will have the same obligations as
the manufacturer or importer under the WHS Regulations to correctly label.
Under the WHS Regulations, manufacturers and importers of a
substance, mixture or article have an obligation to correctly classify that
substance, mixture or article. To prepare a correct and accurate label for a
hazardous chemical, you need to know the correct classification of the
hazardous chemical.
This chapter
deals with the complete set of labelling elements that should be included on a
container. A checklist for the preparation of a label is provided in Appendix B. In some situations it is not possible
or reasonably practicable to legibly include the complete set of labelling
elements on a label. Reduced label requirements are permitted in such situations.
Guidance on the label requirements for these and other special situations is
provided in Chapter 3 of this Code.
2.1 What information must be included
on a label?
Regulation 335, Part 3 of Schedule 9: A hazardous
chemical is correctly labelled if the chemical is packed in a container that
includes the following:
- is written in English
- the product identifier
- the name, Australian address and business
telephone number of either the manufacturer or importer
- the identity and proportion disclosed, in
accordance with Schedule 8 of the WHS Regulations, for each chemical
ingredient
- any hazard pictogram(s) consistent with the
correct classification(s) of the chemical
- any hazard statement(s), signal word and
precautionary statement(s) that is consistent with the correct
classification(s) of the chemical
- any information about the hazards, first aid
and emergency procedures relevant to the chemical, which are not otherwise
included in the hazard statement or precautionary statement, and
- the expiry date of the chemical, if
applicable.
You may include any
information on the label that does not contradict or cast doubt on any other
information that is required on the label.
The following
additional information should also be included on the label, where available:
·
an
emergency phone number, for specific poisons or treatment advice
·
the
overseas name, address and telephone number of the manufacturer or supplier
·
a
valid website or internet address
·
reference
to the safety data sheet, for example a statement on the label that says: “Additional
information is listed in the safety data sheet”.
2.2 Product identifier, including details of ingredients
Information on
the identity of a product includes a product identifier and the disclosure of
certain ingredients. The product identifier and details of ingredients should
be grouped together and located at the most prominent position on the label, for
example at the top or centre of the label, or on a front panel.
A product
identifier is a unique name or number by which the chemical is to be known, and
which allows the product users to identify the hazardous chemical. The product
identifier must be the same as that listed in the safety data sheet, and may be
identical to the trade name.
A label must identify those ingredients, including their proportions,
which contribute to the overall hazard class and hazard category of the
hazardous chemical in accordance with Schedule 8 of the WHS Regulations.
Disclosure of ingredient names is not required for ingredients that meet only
physicochemical and/or environmental hazard classifications.
For pure substances, the
identity of an ingredient can be identical to the product identifier.
The identity of
a hazardous ingredient must be disclosed on a label using its chemical identity, unless the use of a
generic name is permitted. The chemical identity of the hazardous ingredient
can be disclosed by any of the following:
·
the
IUPAC name
·
the
CAS name
·
the
technical name (if different from the IUPAC or CAS name), which must be generally
used in commerce, regulations and codes to identify a substance or mixture, and
recognised by the scientific community.
Note:
Trade names are not acceptable as technical names.
A generic name may be used to describe a hazardous ingredient if:
·
the
identity of the ingredient is commercially confidential, and
·
an
exposure standard has not been established for the ingredient, and
·
the
hazardous ingredient meets the criteria for any of the following GHS hazard
classes and categories, and no other GHS health hazard classes and categories:
o
acute toxicity – Category 4 (oral, dermal,
inhalation)
o
aspiration hazard – Category 1
o
serious eye damage/ eye irritation – Category 2A
o
skin corrosion/irritation – Category 2
o
specific target organ toxicity (single exposure) –
Category 3.
A guide for
selecting generic names for ingredients is included in Appendix C of this Code.
The ingredient
and formulation details for hazardous complex mixtures must include as much
information as possible. Chemical families or sub-families should be
distinguished wherever possible. Chemical sub-families that may be used to
represent a mixture of ingredients in complex mixtures include aliphatic
hydrocarbons, aromatic hydrocarbons, aliphatic alcohols, aliphatic aldehydes and
silicates.
The proportion
of a disclosed ingredient, expressed as a weight or volume percentage of the
hazardous chemicals must be described as an exact proportion, unless the exact
concentration of an ingredient is commercially confidential. For multiple
ingredients, proportions of hazardous ingredients should be listed in
descending order by mass or volume.
Where the
proportions of ingredients in the hazardous chemical are commercially
confidential, the following ranges—or a narrower range as described in the
paragraph immediately below—must be used as an alternative to disclosing exact
proportions:
·
<10%
·
10-
<30%
·
30 –
60%
·
>60%
The proportion
of an ingredient may be disclosed using a narrower range than the applicable
range listed above. For example, for an ingredient present at 35%, a range of
30 - 40% may be used instead of 30 - 60%.
For complex
mixtures, proportion ranges should be used to cover any variability in the
composition. Where the exact composition of a complex mixture is not known,
this should be clearly indicated on the label.
Where possible,
the percentage composition should add up to or indicate a total of 100%, even
if an estimate of non-hazardous ingredients needs to be provided.
Example of how
ingredients can be represented on the subsection of a label
Flammable
Liquid A contains the following ingredients:
Toluene 55
%
Ethyl methyl
ketone 40 %
Methanol 3.5 %
2-Butanol 1 %
Xylene 0.5 %
As both xylene
and 2-butanol are not hazardous to health at these concentrations, they do not need
to be disclosed in the ingredients subsection of the label.
Note: as they
both have exposure standards they should be disclosed on the label as good
practice.
The ingredients and their
proportions may be disclosed on the label using the exact proportions:
Flammable Liquid
A, contains:
Toluene 55
%
Ethyl methyl
ketone 40 %
Methanol 3.5 %
Non-hazardous
ingredients 1.5%
If the
ingredient proportions are commercial-in-confidence, they may be disclosed on
the label using a range:
Flammable Liquid A,
contains:
Toluene 30
- 60 %
Ethyl methyl ketone 30 - 60%
Methanol <10
%
2.3 Manufacturer/importer
information
The label must include the Australian
contact details of the manufacturer or importer.
Additional
information, including details of an overseas manufacturer or supplier – for
example, a website or internet address – may be included on the label.
The manufacturer
or importer identification may be provided in a less-prominent position on the
label, for example the back portion of the label. It should be grouped with the
expiry date, where applicable.
2.4 Label elements
The combination
of label elements required on the label of a hazardous chemical is directly
linked to its hazard classification. Label elements apply to classification
endpoints or hazard categories and must be determined as specified in the GHS.
Appendix D includes tables listing all the
elements that apply to each hazard class and category or division.
The potential
exists for duplication or redundancy of certain label elements where a
hazardous chemical meets the criteria for more than one hazard class or
category in the GHS. Duplicate or redundant information should not be included
on a label. Rules of precedence of certain label elements and general guidance
that should be used to determine when elements may be omitted from a label are
provided in Appendix E.
Some hazardous
chemicals, for example dangerous goods which cannot otherwise be classified
into any hazard class described in the GHS, will not have any corresponding
label elements. For these hazardous chemicals, hazard pictograms, hazard
statements, signal words and precautionary statements cannot be included on the
label. The labels for these products should include information on the
hazards and safety precautions. For example, for dry ice (solid carbon dioxide),
information on the asphyxiation hazard and precautions for handling to avoid
cryogenic burns should be included on the label.
The signal word,
hazard pictograms and hazard statements should be grouped together in a
prominent position on the label, and located either immediately following or
adjacent to the product identifier and chemical ingredients.
Signal words are
used to indicate the relative level of severity of a hazard. The GHS uses ‘Danger’
and ‘Warning’ as signal words. ‘Danger’ is used for a more severe or
significant hazard, while ‘Warning’ is used for the less severe hazards.
Only one signal
word should be present on any one label. If the signal word ‘Danger’ applies,
then the signal word ‘Warning’ should not appear on the label.
Signal
words should be represented in bold and uppercase text.
Hazard
statements describe the nature of a hazard, including the degree of hazard, where
appropriate. A unique hazard statement is assigned to each hazard class and
category. The hazard statements and corresponding hazard class and category are
provided in Appendix D. All relevant hazard statements must appear on the
label. Where a hazard classification results in hazard statements with
duplicate information, the information should only appear once, in line with
the rules of precedence outlined in Appendix E.
Additionally Appendix D lists 12 non-GHS hazard statements that should be
included on the label, where relevant.
A unique hazard
statement code is assigned to each hazard statement. The hazard statement code
is intended to be used for reference purposes only. It is not part of the
hazard statement and should not be used to replace it or be included on the
label.
Hazard
statements should be represented in bold and sentence case text.
Precautionary
statements describe the recommended measures that should be taken to minimise
or prevent adverse effects resulting from exposure to, or improper storage or
handling of, a hazardous chemical. Precautionary statements are assigned to
each hazard class and category.
Precautionary statements are separated into five categories:
·
Prevention
statements refer to precautions to be taken to prevent an accident or exposure.
·
Response
statements refer to instructions in case of an accident.
·
Storage
statements refer to instructions for safe storage of the chemical.
·
Disposal
statements refer to appropriate disposal instructions.
·
General
statements for use as appropriate.
The precautionary statements that correspond to each hazard class and
category are provided in Appendix D. Not all
precautionary statements relating to a particular hazard classification need to
be used on the label. As a guide, a maximum of between six and ten
precautionary statements should appear on the label, depending on the nature
and severity of the hazards.
Where a hazard
classification results in duplicate precautionary statements, the information
should only appear once in line with the rules of precedence outlined in Appendix
E.
A combination of
precautionary statements may be used to save label space, improve readability
and to provide flexibility in the application of precautionary phrases.
Related
precautionary statements should be grouped together on a label to allow for ease
of location. Precautionary statements should be printed in sentence case text.
A unique
precautionary statement code is assigned to each precautionary statement. The
precautionary statement code is intended to be used for reference purposes
only. It is not part of the precautionary statement and should not be used to
replace it or be included on the label.
·
If
medical advice is needed, have product container or label at hand.
·
Keep
out of reach of children.
·
Read
label before use.
Unlike other precautionary statements, general
precautionary statements are not linked to particular hazard classes or
categories and their inclusion on labels of workplace hazardous chemicals is
not mandatory.
Where general
precautionary statements are used, they should be located in a prominent
position on the label, for example adjacent to the product identifier. General
precautionary statements should be printed in sentence case text.
The GHS
specifies nine hazard pictograms, having regard to physical, health and
environmental hazards. These are provided in Appendix F of this Code.
Hazard
pictograms must be included on the label in most cases. In some circumstances
however, pictograms may be omitted from the label in line with the rules of
precedence outlined in Appendix E. In all other cases, where pictograms are
required, all the relevant hazard pictograms must be included on the label.
Hazard
pictograms should be in the shape of a square set at an angle of 45o
(i.e. diamond-shaped) on its point. The hazard pictograms should have a black
symbol on a white background with a red border or frame of sufficient width to
be clearly visible. Pictograms with a black border may also be used.
Class labels
recommended for the transport of dangerous goods as specified in the ADG Code
may be used instead of the relevant hazard pictograms specified in the GHS. Never use both in the same label. A
comparison of the hazard pictograms as specified in the GHS and the ADG Code
class labels are shown in Appendix G[1].
2.5 Expiry Date
The expiry date
for a chemical must be provided, where, for example degradation or
decomposition of the chemical may occur over time, with the result that the hazard
classification of the chemical changes, or where the chemical is no longer
within acceptable specifications for potency and stability. For example ethers
may form explosive peroxides over time.
An expiry date
may be provided in a less prominent position of the label, for example the back
portion of the label. It should be grouped with any manufacturer or importer
identification information. An expiry date should be represented in sentence
case text.
2.6 Pipe work
Regulation 343: A person conducting a business
or undertaking must ensure, so far as is reasonably practicable, that a
hazardous chemical in pipe work is identified by a label, sign or another way
on or near the pipe work.
Pipelines and pipe-work used for the conveyance of hazardous
chemicals must be identified. The identification used should communicate
information relevant to the identity of the chemical, its hazards and any
necessary precautions to be observed. Methods for identifying hazardous
chemicals in pipe work may include:
·
signs adjacent to pipe-work
·
markings on the pipe-work, for example colour coding
(refer to AS 1345-1995 Identification of
the contents of pipes, conduits and ducts for guidance)
·
schematic layouts displayed prominently.
3. SPECIAL LABELLING
SITUATIONS
This chapter outlines requirements and guidelines for labelling
hazardous chemicals in special situations where the full requirements do not
apply. You should always aim to provide as much information on the hazards and
safe use of the chemical on the label as possible.
Under the WHS Regulations,
reduced labelling is permitted for hazardous chemicals that are:
·
supplied
in small containers
·
research
chemicals or samples for analysis
·
decanted
or transferred
·
not
supplied to another workplace, and where the hazards are known to the workers
using the chemical
·
hazardous
wastes
·
classified
into the explosives hazard class and are not explosive articles.
This section also provides
guidance on the acceptability of labels prepared in accordance with other
labelling systems and handled in a workplace, specifically:
·
hazardous
chemicals classified in the explosive hazard class and labelled in compliance
with the Australian Explosives Code (AEC)
·
consumer
products
·
agricultural
or veterinary chemical products that are labelled in accordance with the
requirements of the Australian Pesticides and Veterinary Medicines Authority.
3.1 Small containers
Regulation 335, Part 3 of Schedule 9: Where a
hazardous chemical is packaged in a container that is too small to attach a
label with information that is required of hazardous chemical labels in general,
then the label must be written in English and include the following:
- the product identifier
- the name, Australian address and business
telephone number of either the manufacturer or importer.
- a hazard pictogram or hazard statement that is
consistent with the correct classification of the chemical, and
- any other information required for hazardous
chemicals labels in general that is reasonably practicable to include.
In addition to
the mandatory items mentioned above, labels for small containers or packages
must include as much labelling information required for hazardous chemical labels
in general that is reasonably practicable to include. Priority should
be given to the inclusion of those labelling elements relating to the most
significant hazards of the hazardous chemical.
The most
significant hazard will vary from chemical to chemical, and will be dependent
upon, for example, likely routes of exposure based on its physical state (i.e.
whether it is a gas, liquid or solid), its packaging and its intended use.
Examples of the most significant hazard
·
The
information relating to a hazardous chemical’s inhalation hazard properties may
be considered most significant for a paint that is intended for application
using a spray gun, but not where it is intended for application using a brush.
·
The
information relating to dermal toxicity may be considered most significant for
a chemical that is packaged in an ampoule (i.e. where spillage could occur
during opening), but not where the chemical is packaged in a ready-to-use
syringe.
For hazardous
chemicals with multiple hazard categories, the most stringent set of
precautionary statements should be selected. This is appropriate for situations
where rapid action or response may be crucial following accidental exposure,
and therefore, information relating to these actions should be included in
preference to non-critical information.
Example of the most stringent set of precautionary statements
·
If a
chemical can cause long term systemic effects, and is also acutely toxic, then
the first aid measures for acute toxicity will normally take precedence over
those for longer term effects. However, medical attention for the delayed
health effects may be required in some cases of incidental exposure, even if it
is not associated with immediate symptoms of exposure. Therefore, the
information relevant to medical attention that is required due to delayed
health effects may be applicable.
Where certain hazard or
other information has been omitted from the label, then it is recommended that
alternative means for communicating the information should be used. The
complete set of hazard and other information may be included on an outer box (for
example for a box containing several very small ampoules), a swing tag or
insert, or a leaflet inside a box.
Examples of
acceptable labels for small containers are provided in Appendix H.
3.2 Research chemicals or samples for analysis
A research
chemical is a substance or mixture that has been manufactured in a laboratory
for the purposes of genuine research and which is not for use or supply to
others for a purpose other than genuine analysis or research. A chemical that
is supplied commercially to another workplace is not included under the meaning
of research chemical or samples for analysis under any circumstances.
Regulation 335, Part 3 of Schedule 9: If a hazardous
chemical is used for research purposes only or is a sample for analysis, the label
must, at a minimum, be written in English and include the product identifier
and a hazard pictogram or hazard statement that is consistent with the correct classification
of the chemical.
A research chemical or sample
for analysis must be correctly classified and the identity of the substance or
mixture must be determined.
The product
identifier of a research chemical or sample for analysis may be:
·
the
actual name of the chemical
·
a
recognised abbreviation or acronym
·
a
chemical formula, structure or reaction components.
Where a research
chemical or sample for analysis cannot be identified this should be indicated
clearly on the label. Labels for research chemicals or samples for analysis should
include as much hazard information as possible, based on the identity and the
known or suspected hazards.
Where labelling
the actual laboratory container is impractical due to its size or the
conditions under which it is used, other methods of providing the information
can be used, for example a secure swing tag, a sign attached to supporting
apparatus or labelling an outer container.
For example, for
a rack of test tubes, rather than label each individual test tube containing
the same hazardous chemical, you may attach a label to the rack using a swing
tag.
3.3 Decanted or transferred hazardous chemicals
Regulation 335, Part 3 of Schedule 9: If a hazardous
chemical has been decanted or transferred from the container in which it was
packed and it will not be used immediately or it is supplied to someone else,
the label must, at a minimum, be written in English and include the following:
- the product identifier, and
- a hazard pictogram or hazard statement
consistent with the correct classification of the chemical.
For the purposes of this
Code, decant means to transfer a hazardous
chemical from a correctly labelled container to another container within a
workplace. Such a container may range from a small flask in a research
laboratory to a large vessel that is used to contain reaction components prior
to use in a mixing or reaction process.
Where the entire amount of
a decanted hazardous chemical will be used immediately, labelling of its
container is not required.
A decanted hazardous
chemical can only be considered to be used immediately in situations where:
·
it is
not left unattended by the person who decanted it
·
the
decanted hazardous chemical is used only by a person present at the decanting
process
·
the
container is subsequently rendered free from any hazardous chemical immediately
after use, so the container is in the condition it would be in if it had never
contained the chemical.
Examples
·
A
sample of hydrocarbon solvent is dispensed from a bulk container into a 15 L
container by Worker A. All of the decanted hydrocarbon solvent in the 15 L
container is then used immediately by Worker A in the same shift. No
hydrocarbon solvent is left in the 15 L container (as though it has never
contained the chemical). The container with the dispensed solvent is not left
unattended by Worker A before it is used.
In
this example, the decanted hydrocarbon solvent is considered to be used immediately.
·
A
sample of hydrocarbon solvent is dispensed from a bulk container into a 15 L
container by Worker A. The solvent in the 15 L container is not completely used
up by Worker A at the end of his/her work shift. Worker A has not left the
container with the dispensed solvent unattended during the shift. The remainder
of the solvent is left for Worker B.
In
this example, the decanted hydrocarbon solvent is not considered to be used immediately.
Where a container is
repeatedly used for decanting as part of normal work procedures or processes, a
permanent label with all the general labelling information must be attached to
the container. Permanently labelled containers must not be used to contain any other substances or mixtures than those
specified on the label.
3.4 Hazardous chemicals with known
hazards that are not supplied to another workplace
Regulation 335, Part 3 of Schedule 9: If a hazardous
chemical is not being supplied to another workplace and the hazards associated
with the chemical are known to the workers involved in using, handling or
storing the chemical, then the label must, at a minimum, be written in English
and include the following:
- the product identifier, and
- a hazard pictogram or hazard statement that are
consistent with the correct classification of the chemical.
Where a hazardous chemical
will not be supplied to another workplace, and your workers involved in its
handling have sufficient knowledge of the associated hazards, then you may omit
some of the information normally required in a label. The label should communicate
enough information on the hazards as necessary to ensure its safe use.
Examples of
labelling chemicals that are not supplied to another workplace
·
Hazardous
Chemical A is manufactured at Site A. Batch samples of Hazardous Chemical A are
routinely sent to a laboratory at the same manufacturing site for analysis.
Samples of Hazardous Chemical A are handled on a regular basis at the on-site
laboratory, and the hazards are well-known by the workers. Reduced labelling is
permitted for the batch samples.
·
Active
Constituent A is manufactured at Site A and then later formulated into an
end-use product, Agricultural Chemical Product A. The end-use product is
formulated at the same facility, Site A, where the active ingredient is
manufactured, and the workers undertaking the formulation step are aware of the
hazards. In this case, the reduced labelling is permitted for Active
Constituent A. However, Agricultural Chemical Product A must be labelled with
all requisite labelling information.
·
From
the previous example, if Active Constituent A is transported to a different
facility, Site B, for formulation into the end-use product Agricultural
Chemical Product A, even where both facilities are owned and operated by the
same company, Active Constituent A must be labelled with all requisite
labelling information.
3.5 Hazardous waste products
Hazardous waste products
must be identified and correctly classified, so far as is reasonably
practicable. Where it is not reasonably practicable to undertake a complete
hazard classification of waste material, the hazard classification must be
determined or estimated using a precautionary approach based on the known or
likely constituents of the waste.
Regulation 335, Part 3 of Schedule 9: If it is
reasonably likely that a waste product is a hazardous chemical, then the label
on the container of the hazardous waste must be written in English and at a
minimum, include the following:
- the product identifier
- the name, Australian address and business
telephone number of either the manufacturer or the importer, and
- a hazard pictogram and hazard statement that are
consistent with the correct classification of the chemical.
The product identifier
should reflect the nature of the waste as closely as possible and may depend on
the extent of knowledge about the components of the waste. Examples of product
identifiers may include:
·
chlorinated
solvent waste
·
flammable
waste
·
chromium
VI waste
·
heavy metal
waste.
Labels for hazardous wastes
should include as much hazard information as reasonably practicable based on what
is known about the identity and any suspected hazards. The label of any
hazardous wastes should also include, where possible, the following
information:
·
the
identity of any known or likely hazardous constituents or impurities and their
proportions (for example, ‘contains chromium VI, 5%’, or ‘may contain trace
levels of organic peroxides’)
·
relevant
precautionary statements
·
relevant
first aid and safety directions
·
any
other information that may assist identification of the hazardous waste and its
associated hazards.
If you have made every
reasonable attempt to identify and classify the chemical waste and have been
unsuccessful, you should clearly indicate this on the label.
3.6 Hazardous chemicals classified in the
explosives hazard class
Regulation 335, Part 3 of Schedule
9: If a hazardous chemical
may be classified in the explosives hazard class and is not an explosive
article, the chemical must be packed in a container that has a label in English
that complies with the Australian Code for the Transport of Explosives by Road
and Rail and includes the following:
- the proper
shipping name and UN number of the chemical, and
- any hazard
pictogram, any hazard statement and any precautionary statement that are consistent
with the correct classification of the chemical in relation to health
hazards.
The Australian Code for the Transport of
Explosives by Road and Rail (Explosives Code) outlines requirements for
labelling of explosives hazard class. This labelling regime is designed
primarily for the communication of physical hazards of explosives during their
transport.
Hazardous
chemicals in the explosives class that meet the criteria for health hazards may
require health and safety information on labels in addition to that required by
the Explosives Code to meet workplace requirements.
Information on health
hazards is not required on labels of explosive articles. Explosive articles
should be labelled in accordance with the Explosives Code. However, where
exposure to substances and mixtures within an article could occur during
handling, any relevant health information should be included on labels.
3.7 Hazardous chemicals that
are dangerous goods packaged for transport
Where
a hazardous chemical has been packaged and labelled in accordance with
dangerous goods transport requirements and is in-transit, the hazardous
chemical is not subject to workplace labelling requirements. Where workplace
hazardous chemicals are not in-transit, they must be labelled with all of the
required labelling information.
Hazardous
chemicals that are classified as dangerous goods and transported by road or
rail must comply with the labelling or marking requirements that are specified
in the ADG Code. Transport markings and class labels of the ADG Code are
designed primarily to assist emergency services personnel in case of an
accident or emergency.
Note:
The ADG Code refers to dangerous goods pictograms as Class or Division labels.
Other information required on a package or container is referred to as
markings. The size and colour of labels and markings required for transport are
specified in the ADG Code.
The
ADG Code recognises the GHS as an appropriate labelling system for inner
packages of dangerous goods during transport. As this code describes
GHS-compliant labelling, labels prepared in accordance with this code should
meet the inner package labelling requirements prescribed in the ADG Code for
dangerous goods during transport.
For outer packaging used within the workplace, workplace labelling
requirements may be met by attaching to the container a supplementary panel or
label that includes the additional information.
The additional information should be clearly distinguishable from the
information required to meet transport laws.
3.8 Consumer products
Regulation 335: A hazardous chemical does not need to meet the
labelling requirements under the WHS Regulations if the chemical is a consumer
product with the original label on its container and if it is reasonably
foreseeable that the hazardous chemical will be used in the workplace only:
- in a quantity
that is consistent with consumer household use
- in a way
that is consistent with consumer household use, and
- in a way
that is incidental to the nature of the work carried out by a worker using
the chemical.
The following example
shows how to distinguish between a consumer product and a workplace hazardous chemical:
Toilet cleaner is sold in 750 ml bottles for domestic use and is sold
in 20 L containers to commercial cleaning businesses. The 750 ml bottle is
intended for domestic use and does not need to be labelled in accordance with
the WHS Regulations.
However, it is reasonably foreseeable that, due to the package size of
the 20 L product, it would be used in a workplace rather than in a domestic
situation. Therefore, the 20 L product must be labelled according to workplace
labelling requirements.
Consumer products which do not meet the definition of a workplace
hazardous chemical and are covered by the SUSMP must comply with SUSMP
labelling requirements.
3.9 Agricultural or veterinary chemical
products
Regulation 335, Part 3 of Schedule 9: Agricultural and
veterinary chemicals must have a label in English that complies with the
requirements of the Australian Pesticides and Veterinary Medicines Authority
and also includes the following:
- any hazard statement that is consistent with
the correct classification of the chemical, and
- any precautionary statement that is consistent
with the correct classification of the chemical.
Agricultural
or veterinary chemical refers to any agricultural chemical product or
veterinary chemical product as defined in the Commonwealth’s Agricultural and Veterinary Chemicals Code
Act 1994.
The
Australian Pesticides and Veterinary Medicines Authority (APVMA) labelling
codes for agricultural
and veterinary chemical products are the Ag
Labelling Code and the Veterinary
Labelling Code, respectively. You may omit the hazard pictogram
and signal word from the labels of these chemicals. However, the label must contain
hazard statements and precautionary statements for all of the intrinsic hazards
of the product.
Note: Hazard and precautionary
statements required for some intrinsic hazards under the WHS Regulations may
not be required on labels by APVMA legislation. As the manufacturer or
importer, you must ensure that any additional hazard and precautionary
statements required by the WHS Regulations are included on the label, provided
they are not contrary to the information required by the APVMA legislation.
3.10 Products containing
nanomaterials
For engineered or
manufactured nanomaterials[3] or chemicals
containing engineered or manufactured nanomaterials, it is recommended that
labels be prepared in accordance with this Code unless there is evidence that
the nanomaterials are not hazardous.
The following label
statements are recommended for products containing nanomaterials when the hazards
are not fully characterised:
·
Contains
engineered/manufactured nanomaterials. Caution: Hazards unknown.
·
Contains
engineered/manufactured nanomaterials. Caution: Hazards not fully
characterised.
These phrases are for use
on an interim basis, as the manufacturer/importer has a duty to correctly
classify the chemical and include information on known hazards on the label in
accordance with the WHS Regulations.
4. LABELLING DESIGN AND LAYOUT
The size of a label should be:
·
large
enough to contain all of the relevant hazard and other information in a size
and style that is easily visible and legible in the workplace
·
appropriate
to the size of the container, with larger labels present on larger containers.
The information on a label may be presented using
one or more panels, or sections, dependent on the size and shape of the
container. The label should be firmly secured to the outside of the container
and should be visible in the normal storage position. The label should be
sufficiently durable so as to remain legible and firmly attached to the
container for the foreseeable lifetime of the product under normal storage and
handling conditions.
The information and hazard pictograms on any label
should be printed in a colour or colours that provide a distinct contrast to
the background colour.
4.1 Grouping information
4.2 Orientation and size of label elements
The following table is provided as a guide for the
minimum dimensions for hazard pictograms and sizes of text on containers of
various capacities:
|
Container capacity
|
Minimum hazard pictogram dimensions
|
Minimum
text size
|
|
≤ 500 mL
|
15 x 15 mm
|
2.5 mm
|
|
> 500 mL and ≤ 5 L
|
20 x 20 mm
|
3 mm
|
|
> 5 L and ≤ 25 L
|
50 x 50 mm
|
5 mm
|
|
≥ 25 L
|
100 x 100 mm
|
7 mm
|
Note 1: Refer to
the ADG Code for marking requirements for dangerous goods being transported.
Examples of labels that have been
produced in accordance with the labelling system described in this Code are
provided in Appendix H.
5 OTHER DUTIES IN
RELATION TO LABELLING
Regulation 342: A person conducting a
business or undertaking who manufactures
hazardous chemicals at the workplace or decants or transfers a hazardous
chemical from its original container, must ensure that
the container is correctly labelled.
The person conducting a business or undertaking at the workplace must
also ensure that a container labelled for a hazardous chemical is used only for
the use, handling or storage of that hazardous chemical.
These requirements do not apply if the hazardous chemical is used
immediately after it is put into the container and the container is thoroughly
cleaned immediately after use to the condition it would be in if it had never
contained the material.
5.1 Containers found without correct labelling
If you find that a container
of a hazardous chemical is not correctly labelled in accordance with the WHS
Regulations, you should attach the product identifier to the container. You should not use a hazardous chemical that is not
correctly labelled. Store it in isolation until it is appropriately labelled.
If the product identifier
of an unlabelled chemical is not known, this should be clearly marked on the
container, for example by attaching a label to the container with the
statement:
Caution - Do Not Use - Unknown Substance.
You should take
steps to either identify and correctly label the unknown chemical or dispose of
the contents in accordance with relevant environmental regulations and, where
necessary, in consultation with the relevant waste management authority.
5.2 Reviewing and updating
information on labels
From time to time, the
hazard classification of a hazardous chemical may change, for example where new
information becomes available. Where the hazard
classification of a hazardous chemical changes, the label must be reviewed and,
if necessary, revised to reflect any required changes.
Importers,
manufacturers and suppliers should review any new or significant information in
relation to any hazardous chemicals they import, manufacture or supply. A review of the
literature and other relevant sources of information should be undertaken on a
regular basis.
It is good
practice to review the label information of a hazardous chemical at the same
time as the safety data sheet (SDS) is updated. SDSs are updated:
·
when
any new information about the hazardous chemical is known or received to ensure
the SDS contains correct, current information
·
at least
once every five years.
If you have duty to label a
workplace hazardous chemical, then you must ensure that the label contains
correct information at the time it is affixed to the container of the hazardous
chemical.
Article means a manufactured item, other than a fluid or
particle, that:
·
is formed into a particular shape or
design during manufacture, and
- has
hazard properties and a function that are wholly or partly dependent on
the shape or design.
CAS Name is the chemical name recommended by the Chemical
Abstracts Service, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
Chemical identity means
a name, in accordance with the nomenclature systems of the International Union
of Pure and Applied Chemistry or the Chemical Abstracts Service, or a technical
name, that gives a chemical a unique identity.
Class of dangerous goods, means the number assigned to the goods
in the ADG Code indicating the hazard, or most predominant hazard, exhibited by
the goods.
Class label means a pictogram described in the ADG Code for a class, or division of a
class, of dangerous goods.
Combustible
liquid means a liquid, other than a flammable liquid,
that has a flash point, and a fire point less than its boiling point.
Combustible substance means
a substance that is combustible and includes dust, fibres, fumes, mists or
vapours produced by the substance.
Consumer
product means a thing that:
·
is packed or repacked primarily for use
by a household consumer or for use in an office
·
if the thing is packed or repacked
primarily for use by a household consumer—is packed in the way and quantity in
which it is intended to be used by a household consumer
·
if the thing is packed or repacked
primarily for use in an office—is packed in the way and quantity in which it is
intended to be used for office work.
Division,
of dangerous goods, means a number, in a class of dangerous goods, to which the
dangerous goods are assigned in the ADG
Code.
Explosives Code means
the Australian Code for the Transport of
Explosives by Road and Rail endorsed by the Workplace Relations Ministers’
Council as amended from time to time.
Exposure standard means an exposure standard published by Safe Work
Australia in the Workplace Exposure
Standards for Airborne Contaminants.
Note Workplace
Exposure Standards for Airborne Contaminants will replace the Adopted National
Exposure Standards for Atmospheric Contaminants in the Occupational Environment
[NOSHC:1003(1995)].
Generic name means
a name applied to a group of chemicals having a similar structure and
properties.
Genuine
research means
systematic investigative or experimental activities that are carried out for
either acquiring new knowledge (whether or not the knowledge will have a
specific practical application) or creating new or improved materials,
products, devices, processes or services.
GHS
means the Globally
Harmonised System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals, Third revised
edition, published by the United Nations.
Hazard
means a situation or thing that has the potential to harm people, property or
the environment.
Hazard category means
a division of criteria within a hazard class in the GHS.
Hazard class means the nature of a physical, health or
environmental hazard and includes a class of dangerous goods
Hazard pictogram means
a graphical composition, including a symbol plus other graphical elements, that
is assigned in the GHS to a hazard class or hazard category.
Hazard
statement
means a statement assigned to a hazard class or hazard category describing the
nature of the hazards of a hazardous chemical including, if appropriate, the
degree of hazard.
Import means to bring into the jurisdiction from outside
Australia.
Ingredient means any component of a mixture.
In transit—a thing is in transit if the thing:
·
is
supplied to, or stored at, a workplace in containers that are not opened at the
workplace
·
is not used at the workplace
·
is
kept at the workplace for not more than five consecutive days.
ISO name is a chemical name approved by the International
Organisation for Standardisation.
IUPAC name is the chemical name recommended by the
International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry.
Laboratory means a building or room equipped for analysis, genuine
research or practical teaching, and which is not used for production purposes.
Manufacture includes the activities of packing, repacking,
formulating, blending, mixing, making, remaking and synthesising.
Mixture means
a combination of, or a solution composed of, two or more substances that do not
react with each other.
Precautionary
Statement means a phrase prescribed by the GHS that describes
recommended measures to be taken to prevent or minimise the adverse effects of
exposure to a hazardous chemical or the improper handling of a hazardous
chemical.
Product
identifier means
the name or number used to identify a product on a label or in a safety data sheet.
Proper Shipping Name means a proper shipping name under the ADG Code.
Research
chemical means a substance or mixture that is manufactured
in a laboratory for genuine research and is not for use or supply for a purpose
other than analysis or genuine research.
Safety data
sheet (SDS) means a document that describes the identity,
properties (that is to say chemical and physical properties and health hazard and
environmental hazard information), uses, precautions for use, safe handling
procedures and safe disposal procedures of a hazardous chemical.
Signal word means
the word danger or warning used on a label to indicate to a label
reader the relative severity level of a hazard, and to alert the reader to a
potential hazard, under the GHS.
Substance means a chemical element or compound in its
natural state or obtained or generated by a process:
·
including any additive necessary to
preserve the stability of the element or compound and any impurities deriving
from the process, but
·
excluding any solvent that may be
separated without affecting the stability of the element or compound, or
changing its composition.
SUSMP means the Standard for the Uniform Scheduling of
Medicines and Poisons, published by the National Drugs and Poisons Schedule
Committee as amended from time to time.
Technical name means a name that is:
·
ordinarily used in commerce,
regulations and codes to identify a substance or mixture, other than an
International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry or Chemical Abstracts Service
name
·
recognised by the scientific community.
Transfer includes the pumping, dispensing or decanting from
one container into another or from one place to another.
UN Number means the number assigned to dangerous goods by
the United Nations Subcommittee of Experts on the Transport of Dangerous Goods.
UN Numbers are published in the UN Recommendations on the Transport of
Dangerous Goods – Model Regulation, and in the ADG Code.
The following
table lists the steps that are recommended for the preparation of a label for a
hazardous chemical. The information is intended for use as a quick reference
guide. It may not apply to all situations. The relevant sections of this Code
should be referred to for full details
of the labelling requirements.
of the labelling requirements.
|
Step
|
|
Comments/Reference
information
|
|
1
|
Select the suitable product identifier.
|
|
|
2
|
Determine which ingredients require disclosure.
|
Refer to Subsection 2.2 for ingredient disclosure requirements.
|
|
3
|
Select the
label elements which apply to classification endpoints or hazard categories, in accordance with correct hazard
classification
|
Label elements applicable to all hazard categories are tabulated in Appendix
D.
|
|
4
|
Combine all applicable elements, and then determine which elements
may be omitted from the label to avoid duplication or redundancy.
|
Refer to Appendix E for precedence rules and hierarchy of
elements.
|
|
5
|
Determine which label elements may be omitted where a special
labelling situation may apply.
|
Refer to Chapter 3.
|
|
6
|
Determine whether other relevant health and safety information may be
required.
|
Particularly important for hazard endpoints not covered by the GHS
but where there
are health and safety concerns
|
|
7
|
Select the appropriate supplier details to be included.
|
Other information, for example web address or emergency contact phone
number, may be included.
|
|
8
|
Determine whether an expiry date is required.
|
Expiry date is required if degradation over time could change the
hazard classification. For example, if a highly toxic impurity is formed.
|
|
9
|
Identify any other relevant information that may be required.
|
For example, reference to SDS or product use information.
|
|
10
|
Design the label layout and grouping of information.
|
Refer to Chapter 4.
|
APPENDIX C – GUIDE FOR SELECTING GENERIC NAMES
This guide describes a procedure for naming
hazardous chemicals and the division of substances into families.
The families are defined in the following manner:
·
inorganic or organic substances whose properties
are identified by having a common chemical element as their chief
characteristic. The family name is derived from the name of the chemical
element. These families are identified as in subsection C1.3 below by the
atomic number of the chemical element (001 to 103)
·
organic substances whose properties are identified
by having a common functional group as their chief characteristic.
o
the family name is derived from the functional
group name, and
o
these families are identified by the number
convention found in subsection C1.3 (601 to 650).
·
sub-families bringing together substances with a
common specific character have been added in certain cases.
Establishing the Generic Name
C.1. General Principles
In
selecting a generic name, the following approach is adopted:
·
identify the functional groups and chemical
elements present in the molecule
·
determine the most important functional groups and
chemical elements, which contribute to its properties.
The identified functional groups and elements taken
into account are the names of the families and sub-families. These names are
set out in subsection C.3 in the form of a (non-restrictive) list.
C.2. Practical application
After having conducted a search to see if the
substance belongs to one or more families or sub-families on the list, the
generic name can be established in the following way:
a)
If the name of a family or sub-family is sufficient
to characterise the chemical elements or important functional groups, this name
will be chosen as the generic name.
Examples:
Name
|
Family
Sub-family
|
Generic Name
|
|
1,4-dihydroxybenzene
|
604:
Phenols and derivatives
|
Phenol
derivative
|
|
Butanols
|
603:
Alcohols and derivatives
Aliphatic alcohols
|
Aliphatic
alcohol
|
|
2-isopropoxyethanol
|
603:
Alcohols and derivatives
Glycolethers
|
Glycolether
|
|
Methacrylate
|
607: Organic acids and derivatives
Methacrylates
|
Methacrylate
|
b) If the name of a family or sub-family is not
sufficient to characterise the chemical elements of important functional
groups, the generic name should be a combination of the corresponding different
family or sub-family names.
Examples:
|
Name
|
Family
Sub-family
|
Generic Name
|
|
Lead hexafluorosilicate
|
009:
Fluorine compounds
Inorganic fluorides
082:
Lead compounds
|
Inorganic lead fluoride
|
|
Chlorobenzene
|
602:
Halogenated hydrocarbons
Halogenated aromatic hydrocarbons
017:
Chlorine compounds
|
Chlorinated aromatic hydrocarbon
|
|
2,3,6-Trichlorophenylacetic acid
|
607:
Organic acids and derivatives
Halogenated aromatic acids
017:
Chlorine compounds
|
Chlorinated aromatic acid
|
|
1-Chloro-1-nitropropane
|
610:
Chloronitrated compounds
601:
Hydrocarbons
Aliphatic hydrocarbons
|
Chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbon
|
|
Tetrapropyl dithiopyrophosphate
|
015:
Phosphorus compounds
Phosphoric esters
016:
Sulphur compounds
|
Thiophosphoric ester
|
c) In the case of certain elements, notably metals, the
name of the family or sub-family may be indicated by the words 'organic' or
'inorganic'.
Examples:
|
Name
|
Family
Sub-family
|
Generic Name
|
|
Dimercury dichloride
|
080: Mercury compounds
|
Inorganic mercury compound
|
|
Barium acetate
|
056: Barium compounds
|
Organic barium compound
|
|
Ethyl nitrite
|
007: Nitrogen compounds
Nitrites
|
Organic nitrite
|
|
Sodium hydrosulphite
|
016: Sulphur compounds
|
Inorganic sulphur compound
|
C.3. Division
of substances into families and sub-families
|
Family
No
|
Families
Sub-families
|
|
001
|
Hydrogen compounds
Hydrides
|
|
003
|
Lithium compounds
|
|
004
|
Beryllium compounds
|
|
005
|
Boron compounds
Boranes
Borates
|
|
006
|
Carbon compounds
Carbamates
Inorganic
carbon compounds
Salts
of hydrogen cyanide
Urea
and derivatives
|
|
007
|
Nitrogen compounds
Quaternary
ammonium compounds
Acid
nitrogen compounds
Nitrates
Nitrites
|
|
008
|
Oxygen compounds
|
|
009
|
Fluorine compounds
Inorganic
fluorides
|
|
011
|
Sodium compounds
|
|
012
|
Magnesium compounds
Organometallic
magnesium derivatives
|
|
013
|
Aluminium compounds
Organometallic
aluminium derivatives
|
|
014
|
Silicon compounds
Silicones
Silicates
|
|
015
|
Phosphorus compounds
Acid
phosphorus compounds
Phosphonium
compounds
Phosphoric
esters
Phosphates
Phosphites
Phosphoramides and derivatives
|
|
016
|
Acid
sulphur compounds
Mercaptans
Sulphates
Sulphites
|
|
017
|
Chlorine compounds
Chlorates
Perchlorates
|
|
018
|
Argon compounds
|
|
019
|
Potassium compounds
|
|
020
|
Calcium compounds
|
|
021
|
Scandium compounds
|
|
022
|
Titanium compounds
|
|
023
|
Vanadium compounds
|
|
024
|
Chromium compounds
Chromium
VI compounds
|
|
025
|
Manganese compounds
|
|
026
|
Iron compounds
|
|
027
|
Cobalt compounds
|
|
028
|
Nickel compounds
|
|
029
|
Copper compounds
|
|
030
|
Zinc compounds
Organometallic
zinc derivatives
|
|
031
|
Gallium compounds
|
|
032
|
Germanium compounds
|
|
033
|
Arsenic compounds
|
|
034
|
Selenium compounds
|
|
035
|
Bromine compounds
|
|
036
|
Krypton compounds
|
|
037
|
Rubidium compounds
|
|
038
|
Strontium compounds
|
|
039
|
Yttrium compounds
|
|
040
|
Zirconium compounds
|
|
041
|
Niobium compounds
|
|
042
|
Molybdenum compounds
|
|
043
|
Technetium compounds
|
|
044
|
Ruthenium compounds
|
|
045
|
Rhodium compounds
|
|
046
|
Palladium compounds
|
|
047
|
Silver compounds
|
|
048
|
Cadmium compounds
|
|
049
|
Indium compounds
|
|
050
|
Tin compounds
Organometallic
tin derivates
|
|
051
|
Antimony compounds
|
|
052
|
Tellurium compounds
|
|
053
|
Iodine compounds
|
|
054
|
Xenon compounds
|
|
055
|
Caesium compounds
|
|
056
|
Barium compounds
|
|
057
|
Lanthanum
|
|
058
|
Cerium compounds
|
|
059
|
Praseodymium compounds
|
|
060
|
Neodymium compounds
|
|
061
|
Promethium compounds
|
|
062
|
Samarium compounds
|
|
063
|
Europium compounds
|
|
064
|
Gandolinium compounds
|
|
065
|
Terbium compounds
|
|
066
|
Dysprosium compounds
|
|
067
|
Holmium compounds
|
|
068
|
Erbium compounds
|
|
069
|
Thulium compounds
|
|
070
|
Ytterbium compounds
|
|
071
|
Lutetium compounds
|
|
072
|
Hafnium compounds
|
|
073
|
Tantalum compounds
|
|
074
|
Tungsten compounds
|
|
075
|
Rhenium compounds
|
|
076
|
Osmium compounds
|
|
077
|
Iridium compounds
|
|
078
|
Platinum compounds
|
|
079
|
Gold compounds
|
|
080
|
Mercury compounds
Organometallic
mercury derivatives
|
|
081
|
Thallium compounds
|
|
082
|
Lead compounds
Organometallic
lead derivatives
|
|
083
|
Bismuth compounds
|
|
084
|
Polonium compounds
|
|
085
|
Astate compounds
|
|
086
|
Radon compounds
|
|
087
|
Francium compounds
|
|
088
|
Radium compounds
|
|
089
|
Actinium compounds
|
|
090
|
Thorium compounds
|
|
091
|
Protactinium compounds
|
|
092
|
Uranium compounds
|
|
093
|
Neptunium compounds
|
|
094
|
Plutonium compounds
|
|
095
|
Americium compounds
|
|
096
|
Curium compounds
|
|
097
|
Berkelium compounds
|
|
098
|
Californium compounds
|
|
099
|
Einsteinium compounds
|
|
100
|
Fermium compounds
|
|
101
|
Mendelevium compounds
|
|
102
|
Nobelium compounds
|
|
103
|
Lawrencium compounds
|
|
601
|
Hydrocarbons
Aliphatic
hydrocarbons
Aromatic
hydrocarbons
Alicyclic
hydrocarbons
Polycyclic
aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH)
|
|
602
|
Halogenated hydrocarbons*
Halogenated
aliphatic hydrocarbons*
Halogenated
aromatic hydrocarbons*
Halogenated
alicyclic hydrocarbons*
* Specify according to family corresponding to
halogen.
|
|
603
|
Alcohols and derivates
Aliphatic
alcohols
Aromatic
alcohols
Alicyclic
alcohols
Alcanolamines
Epoxy
derivatives
Ethers
Glycolethers
Glycols
and polyols
|
|
604
|
Phenols and derivatives
Halogenated
phenol derivatives*
* Specify according to the family corresponding
to halogen.
|
|
605
|
Aldehydes and derivates
Aliphatic
aldehydes
Aromatic
aldehydes
Alicyclic
aldehydes
Aliphatic
acetals
Aromatic
acetals
Alicyclic
acetals
|
|
606
|
Ketones and derivatives
Aliphatic
Ketones
Aromatic
Ketones*
Alicyclic
Ketones
* Quinones included
|
|
607
|
Organic acids and derivatives
Aliphatic
acids
Halogenated
aliphatic acids*
Aromatic
acids
Halogenated aromatic acids*
Alicyclic
acids
Halogenated
alicyclic acids*
Aliphatic
acid anhydrides
Halogenated
aliphatic acid anhydrides*
Aromatic
acid anhydrides
Halogenated
aromatic acid anhydrides*
Alicyclic
acid anhydrides
Halogenated
alicyclic acid anhydrides*
Salts
of aliphatic acid
Salts
of halogenated aliphatic acid*
Salts
of aromatic acid
Salts
of halogenated aromatic acid*
Salts
of alicyclic acid
Salts
of halogenated alicyclic acid*
Esters
of aliphatic acid
Esters
of halogenated alicyclic acid*
Esters
of aromatic acid
Esters
of halogenated aromatic acid*
Esters
of alicyclic acid
Esters
of halogenated alicyclic acid*
Esters
of glycol ether
Acrylates
Methacrylates
Lactones
Acyl
halogenides
* Specify according to the family corresponding
to halogen.
|
|
608
|
Nitriles and derivatives
|
|
609
|
Nitro compounds
|
|
610
|
Chloronitrated compounds
|
|
611
|
Azoxy and azo compounds
|
|
612
|
Amine compounds
Aliphatic
amines and derivatives
Alicyclic
amines and derivatives
Aromatic
amines and derivatives
Aniline
and derivatives
Benzidine
and derivatives
|
|
613
|
Heterocyclic basis and derivatives
Benzimidazole
and derivatives
Imidazol
and derivatives
Pyrethrinoids
Quinoline
and derivatives
Triazine
and derivatives
Triazole
and derivatives
|
|
614
|
Glycosides and alkaloids
Alkaloid
and derivatives
Glycosides
and derivatives
|
|
615
|
Cyanates and isocyanates
Cyanates
Isocyanates
|
|
616
|
Amides and derivatives
Acetamide
and derivatives
Anilides
|
|
617
|
Organic Peroxides
|
|
650
|
Various substances
Do not use this family. Instead, use the families
or sub-families mentioned above.
|
This appendix is intended to provide guidance for the
application of an appropriate signal word, and appropriate hazard pictograms,
hazard statements, and precautionary statements. The tables at the end of this
appendix specify the signal word, hazard pictograms, hazard statements and
precautionary statements that apply to each hazard class and category.
Structure of Hazard Statement Text
All of the hazard statement text that appears in bold should appear on
the label, except as otherwise specified.
All of the information that appears in italics should appear as part of
the hazard statement, where applicable.
The hazard statement codes shown in the tables are intended
to be used for reference purposes only. They are not part of the hazard
statement text and should not be used on a label.
Structure of
Precautionary Statement Text
There are five types of precautionary statements: general, prevention, response (in
case of accidental spillage or exposure, emergency response and first aid), storage and disposal.
All of the precautionary statement text that appears in bold should
appear on the label, except as otherwise specified.
To provide flexibility in the application of precautionary phrases, a
combination of statements may be used to save label space and improve the
readability of phrases. A combination of phrases can also be useful for
different types of hazard where the precautionary behaviour is similar.
When a forward-slash or
diagonal mark [/] appears in a precautionary statement text, it indicates that
a choice has to be made between the phrases they separate
When three full stops […]
appear in a precautionary statement text, it indicates that all applicable
conditions are not listed.
When text in the precautionary statement text appears in italics, this indicates that
specific conditions apply to the use or allocation of the precautionary
statement. This may relate to conditions attaching to either the general use of
a precautionary statement or its use for a particular hazard class and/or
hazard category. The text in italics is not intended to be present on a label.
The precautionary statements included in the following matrices
cover general emergency response and first-aid information. For some specific
chemicals, supplementary first aid, treatment measures or specific antidotes or
cleansing materials may be required. Poisons Centres and/or medical
practitioners or specialist advice should be sought in such situations and
included on labels where appropriate
The precautionary statement codes that are used in the
tables are intended to be used for reference purposes only. They are not part
of the precautionary statement text and should not be used on a label.
Precautionary
Statement Formed from a Combination of Phrases
‘Keep away from heat, sparks and open flame and store in a cool well
ventilated place’.
Precautionary
Statement that Contains a Forward-Slash [/]
The
precautionary statement:
P280
‘Wear protective
gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection’, could read:
‘Wear eye protection’, where the hazard classification does not warrant the
additional personal protective equipment.
Precautionary Statement
that Contains Three Full Stops […]
For
the precautionary statement:
P241 ‘Use
explosion-proof electrical/ventilating/lighting/.../equipment’, the use of ‘...’ indicates that other equipment may need to be
specified.
Precautionary
Statement that Contains Text in Italics
The
precautionary statement:
P241 ‘Use explosion-proof electrical/ventilating/lighting/.../ equipment’,
only applies for flammable solids ‘if dust clouds can occur’.
General
Precautionary Statements
General precautionary statements are not aligned with any particular
hazard category, and according to the GHS principles, these statements are
required for consumer products only. Manufacturers of hazardous chemicals may
choose to include these on workplace labels, particularly where it is
foreseeable that the chemical may be used in a non-workplace situation.
General Precautionary
Statements
P101 If medical advice is needed, have product container or label at
hand
P102 Keep out of reach of children
P103 Read label before use
Allocation of label
elements
The matrices below provide the following information for each hazard
class and hazard category of the GHS:
a)
hazard category; and
b)
the assigned symbol; and
c)
the assigned signal word; and
d)
the assigned hazard statement and code; and
e)
the assigned precautionary statements, by
precautionary statement type, and code.
ADDITIONAL
NON-GHS HAZARD STATEMENTS
Regulation 335,
Schedule 9: A label must include any information about the hazards, first aid and
emergency procedures relevant to the chemical, not otherwise included in the
hazard statement and precautionary statements.
The following twelve
non-GHS hazard statements should be used on labels of hazardous chemicals where
applicable.
Physical hazard statements
AUH001: Explosive when dry
For explosive
substances and mixtures placed on the market wetted with water or alcohols or
diluted with other chemicals to suppress their explosives properties.
AUH006: Explosive with or without contact with air
For substances
and mixtures that are unstable at ambient temperatures, for example acetylene.
AUH014: Reacts violently with water
For substances
and mixtures that react violently with water, for example acetyl chloride,
alkali metals and titanium tetrachloride.
AUH018: In use, may form flammable/explosive
vapour-air mixture
For substances
and mixtures not classified as flammable themselves but which may form
flammable/explosive vapour-air mixtures. For substances this might be the case
for halogenated hydrocarbons and for mixtures this might be the case due to a
volatile flammable component or due to the loss of a volatile non-flammable
component.
AUH019: May form explosive peroxides
For substances
and mixtures that may form explosive peroxides during storage, for example
diethyl ether, 1,4-dioxan.
AUH044: Risk of explosion if heated under
confinement
For substances
and mixtures not classified as explosive but which may nevertheless display
explosive properties in practice if heated under sufficient confinement. In
particular, substances and mixtures that decompose explosively if heated in a
steel drum do not show this effect if heated in less-strong containers.
Human health
hazard statements
AUH029: Contact with water liberates toxic gas
For substances
and mixtures, when in contact with water or damp air, evolve gases classified
for acute toxicity in Category 1, 2 or 3 in potentially dangerous amounts, for
example aluminium phosphide, phosphorus pentasulphide.
AUH031: Contact with acids liberates toxic gas
For substances
and mixtures that react with acids to evolve gases classified for acute
toxicity in Category 3 in dangerous amounts, for example sodium hypochlorite
and barium polysulphide.
AUH032: Contact with acids liberates very toxic gas
For substances
and mixtures that react with acids to evolve gases classified for acute
toxicity in Category 1 or 2 in dangerous amounts, for example salts of hydrogen
cyanide, sodium azide.
AUH066: Repeated exposure may cause skin dryness or
cracking
For substances
and mixtures which may cause concern as a result of skin dryness, flaking or
cracking but which do not meet the criteria for skin irritancy.
AUH070: Toxic by eye contact
For substances
or mixtures where an eye irritation test has resulted in overt signs of
systemic toxicity or mortality among the animals tested, which is likely to be
attributed to absorption of the substance or mixture through the mucous
membranes of the eye. The statement should also be applied if there is evidence
in humans for systemic toxicity after eye contact.
The statement should
also be applied where a substance or a mixture contains another substance
labelled for this effect, if the concentration of this substance is equal to,
or greater than 0.1 %.
AUH071: Corrosive to the respiratory tract
For substances
and mixtures in addition to classification for inhalation toxicity, if data is
available that indicates the mechanism of toxicity was corrosivity.
In addition to
an appropriate acute toxicity symbol, a ‘corrosion’ symbol (similar to the
‘corrosion’ symbol used for skin and eye corrosivity) is added along with the
hazard statement AUH071: Corrosive to the respiratory tract.
For substances
and mixtures in addition to classification for skin corrosivity, if no acute
inhalation test data is available and which may be inhaled.
This appendix provides
information on the rules of precedence of certain label elements, and general
guidance for when redundant elements may be omitted from a label.
Duplication or
redundancy of label elements may occur where a hazardous chemical meets the criteria
for more than one hazard class or category. Duplication of an element may occur
where:
- a specific precautionary statement applies to
several hazard categories into which a particular chemical is classified
- an element may become redundant because a more
stringent control applies to another hazard category (for example, the
type of PPE required).
Duplicate or redundant information should not be
included on a label.
Multiple
Hazards and Precedence of Hazard Information
Hazard pictograms
The following
rules apply for the use of hazard pictograms on a label:
- where a transport of dangerous goods class
label (pictogram) is required on the container to meet transport
regulations, the equivalent hazard pictogram, as specified in the GHS,
should not appear
- if the skull and crossbones hazard pictogram
applies, the exclamation mark hazard pictogram should not appear
- if the corrosive hazard pictogram applies, the
exclamation mark hazard pictogram should not appear if it is used to
communicate skin or eye irritation
- if the health hazard pictogram appears for
respiratory sensitisation, the exclamation mark hazard pictogram should not appear if it is used to communicate skin
sensitisation, or for skin or eye irritation.
Hazard statements
Where hazard
statements are required to be present on a label, then all of the assigned
hazard statements must appear on the label except where:
·
the statement duplicates or conflicts with another
statement or other hazard information that is required on the label
·
omission of the statement would not decrease the
level of protection or information in relation to the hazards.
Signal words
Where the signal
word ‘Danger’ applies, the signal word ‘Warning’ should not appear
concomitantly.
Precautionary statements
Where
precautionary statements are required to be present on a label, then normally not more than six to ten precautionary statements
are required, unless necessary to reflect the nature and the severity of the
hazards. For example, precautionary statements can be omitted if:
·
the statement duplicates or conflicts with another
statement or other hazard information that is required on the label; and
·
omission of the statement would not decrease the
level of protection or information in relation to the hazards.
Any conflict
that arises between precautionary statements that are present on labels may be
resolved by modifying the statements. However, the new statement(s) must give
equivalent levels of information or protection.
Note: It is not mandatory to include information
relating to environmental hazard categories on the label of a workplace
hazardous chemical. However, this information should be included if a fully
GHS-compliant label is desired.
Example of where
the omission of a precautionary statement is acceptable
An example where
the omission of a precautionary statement on the label may be acceptable (and
recommended) is where the use of personal protective equipment applies to
different hazard categories for the same hazardous chemical.
For example,
where the precautionary statements ‘Wear face protection’ and ‘Wear gloves and
face protection’ are specified, then only the latter statement should appear on
the label as it relates to the more stringent protective measures.
Example that illustrates
how some of the precedence rules for elements should be applied on labels
In the following
example, the chemical meets the criteria for flammable liquid (Category 2) and skin
sensitisation (Category 1), as specified in the GHS.
The label that
contains all of the elements required to meet the criteria for a substance or
mixture that is classified as a flammable liquid (Category 2) and skin
sensitiser (Category 1) is provided below. No precedence rules are applied:
- ADG Code (7th Edition)
for download
- ADG Code class labels
for download
- ADG Code publication
information
·
Code of
Practice: Preparation of Safety Data Sheets
- GHS hazard pictograms
for download
- GHS revision 3 –
Official text and corrigenda:
- Labelling of
Agricultural and Veterinary chemicals
- For Veterinary Chemicals/Products:
- www.apvma.gov.au/MORAG_vet/vol_5/vet_labelling_code.html
- For Agricultural
Chemicals/Products:
- www.apvma.gov.au/MORAG_ag/vol_5/ag_labelling_code.html
- SUSMP publication information
- UN Model Regulations
for the Transport of Dangerous Goods
[1] GHS pictograms can be downloaded from the GHS website at www.unece.org/trans/danger/publi/ghs/pictograms.html
or via the GHS homepage at www.unece.org/trans/danger/publi/ghs/ghs_welcome_e.html.
Transport of Dangerous Goods class labels can be downloaded from the
National Transport Commission website at
http://www.ntc.gov.au/viewpage.aspx?documentid=1313
Transport of Dangerous Goods class labels can be downloaded from the
National Transport Commission website at
http://www.ntc.gov.au/viewpage.aspx?documentid=1313
[2]
Dangerous goods that are labelled to
comply with transport requirements and are stored in a workplace may also need
to comply with requirements as specified in the
Australian Code for the Transport of Dangerous Goods by Road and Rail (ADG
Code).
[3]
ISO TS 80004-1:2010 Nanotechnologies-
Vocabulary-Part 1: Core Terms provides the following definitions:
·
Nanomaterial – material with any external
dimension in the nanoscale or having internal structure or surface structure in
the nanoscale
·
Engineered nanomaterial – nanomaterial designed
for a specific purpose or function
·
Manufactured nanomaterial – nanomaterial
intentionally produced for commercial purposes to have specific properties or
specific composition
·
Nanoscale – size range from approximately 1nm
to 100 nm.
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